The Cover Of Long Division - 1350 Words

The cover of Long Division, by Kiese Laymon, pictures a rusted, broken chain. This symbol, along with the setting of the book suggests the strong history of slavery in the South. That unfortunate history carries with it the idea of otherness—an idea of being valued and devalued based on skin color – an idea central to Laymon’s story. Long Division shows throughout three time periods that while the African American race progresses, it never arrives at full equality. In each time period — 1964, 1985, and 2013 — the African-American characters find the threat of racial discrimination and violence. Looking into the book chronologically, Laymon allows 1985 City to travel to 1964 during the heat of segregation. City experienced firsthand the†¦show more content†¦Since he is from 1985, it reveals that race relations have progressed positively since. In 1964, they are hunted and haunted by the Ku Klux Klan, who hope to preserve segregation and stop the activists who have come to Mississippi. He didn’t seem very concerned with the threat the Klan posed. At the time he was actually more concerned with Shalaya liking Evan than anything else. Well, I know that you can’t travel through time with a girl and save folks from the Klan and not kiss them unless you’re slightly deformed or unless you smell like death. And even then, there’s still gonna be some serious grinding going on. Serious grinding. (136) This shows, once again, that City, having grown up only twenty years later was one hundred years removed from severity of the situation involving the Klan. He didn’t know to be afraid of it because he had never personally experienced the threat that the group posed. 2013 proves to have progressed, but there is still hopelessness in the air. 2013 City competes in a post-spelling-bee-age competition called â€Å"Can You Use That Word in a Sentence.† The book begins with the events leading up to and during this competition. Early in the book, Laymon shows the reader that these characters are up against something much older, much more powerful, and much more disheartening than the group of adolescents they were to compete against. Lavander sarcastically explains this theme: African Americans are generally a

Annotated Bibliography On Information Security - 2492 Words

1. Abstract Information security is a major concept in today’s industrial and computer era, so security must be higher to protect the confidential data. Information security plays major role in computer and network security with the use of different cryptography algorithms that includes the encryption and decryption of data with the uses of the algorithm and the key. By means of text or numerical key for the encryption can be dangerous because with the several hack attacks that a key can be broken. So I have proposed a new mechanism that will replace the text key with the image pixels and can gain high security which cannot be easy to break without prior knowledge. 2. Introduction For the decades to keep data secure and to convey the†¦show more content†¦It takes plaintext and the key as input and follows some mechanism with the use of mathematical calculations to convert the plaintext into the cipher text. Instead of using the key that is in the numerical and text format if we use the set of the pixels of an image, then the algorithm will be able to generate the cipher text that will be really hard to decode. 3. Research design 3.1 Basic theory - there are some primary and important components that play a vital role in the cryptography are, I. Plaintext: this is a regular text message that is in meaningful and in the readable format that needs to be secured. II. Cipher text: this is the result of the encryption process where we get the cipher text that is in scrambled and unreadable format. III. Algorithm: this is a core part of the cryptography where all transformations occur with some predefined processes, rules and basic mathematical functions. This algorithm is responsible for encipher and decipher a message. IV. Key: secret key that is used to encrypt the message and used as input to the algorithm. And this key is also shared between the sender and the receiver. 3.2 Processes used to carry out cryptography I. Encryption: encryption is carried out on the sender side, hence transferred plain text into the cipher text and forwarded over the network. II. Decryption: decryption is carried out on the receiver side to translate the cipher text into the plaintext with the same key that is used at the sender side. 3.3

Business Ethics Advancing Ethics in Public Organizations

Question: Discuss about the Business EthicsforAdvancing Ethics in Public Organizations. Answer: Introduction: The success as well as the eminence of a public sector establishment solely depends upon the ethical Values and the conduct of public functionaries. It is of fundamental significance that they act honestly and ethically. Unlike other organizational set up, the public sector organizations and the public functionaries need to be fair, honest and unbiased in their dealings. As, they are directly working with society and for its development, the self-interest and biased outlook need be subordinated for ensuring the common good in all conditions, especially where the risk of the conflict of interests or other issues may arise as an ethical dilemma. Discussion: As discussed in the provided case study, the public functionaries often face such circumstances, which create dilemma and conflict in their ethical sense and organizational commitment. As opined by Beeri et al. (2013), the idea of ethics in the public sector can be discussed with both the anti corruption and the integrity approach. Here, in the given case the manager is facing a two-way conflict in the ethical approach. He wants to help his friend, as it is his duty as a friend. On the other hand, he has to perform his professional integrity as well as avoid the illegal dealings. Here, in this provided case study, the manager is facing a number of ethical issues those the real life public sector professionals often face. As opined by Svara (2014), an ethical dilemma takes place from the circumstances that require a choice among opposing sets of principles. Here, in the provided case, the ethical concerns that are arising from this conflicting situation can be described as follows: Nepotism: As opined by Taiwo (2015), one of the major ethical issues that the public sector professionals face is nepotism. It is about showing favor to the relatives or the close friends by using the power associated to the designation. Here, if the manager takes his decision in favor of Radax, he will commit nepotism. This will lead to the misuse of the power and the organizational resources. This biased decision will degrade the organizational efficiency and cause harm to the society (Wright et al. 2012). The Conflict of Interests: As stated by Nicolaescu (2013), the ethical dilemma arises when the professionals face the conflict of interests w3hich can be identified as the confusion of making choices between the personal or familial interest and the broad organizational as well as the societal interest. Here, the manager knows that the Radax does not have the best bid and taking the decision if its favor will cause the organization more monitory as efficiency costs. On the other hand, if he turns down his friends request, it will cost him a broken relationship. The Public Accountability: In the public sector organizations, the professionals are accountable to the higher authority as well as the public court. As discussed by Kaptein (2013), public accountability posses as on e of the major ethical dilemmas to the public sector professionals. Here, in the given case, the manager may want to help his friend by making an unethical decision, but it will convict him of breaching him the public trust. White-Collar Crime: As opined by Frederickson and Rohr (2015), the actions of a professional can e described as the white collar crime if he makes an illegal or unethical decision by abusing the trust and power associated to the designation or pursues an action in the same way. Here, in the given case study, if the manager directs his course of action to the profit of his friend, it will break the trust of the government. Now, if the manager decides to favor his friend over the other bidders, it will cost the organization and the society negatively. Such behavior of the manager will cause the organization more cost in installing the systems, as the other bidders has made better bids and their quality is also better than that of Radax. As, it is a public organization, it will actually cause the society bear more cost for lees quality. It will also result in the breach of trust of public by the whole of the organization and thus affect the functionality. Moreover, this unethical decision of the manager will make not only the manager but also the whole organization and the government accused of violation of the civic laws and corruption (Sebola 2014). A number of issues can influence the probable course of action of the manager. As discussed by Lawton et al. (2015), the ethical pattern of action can be influenced by both the individual moral development as well as the cultural values of the organisation where he or she works. In the context of the given case, it is expected that the manager will follow the ethical decision-making process and he will be devoid of making decision in favour of his friend. Now, while discussing about the influencing agent, it can be said that both the individual as well as the organizational values should influence the manger (Gilman 2014). The Organizational Culture: As opined by Menzel (2012), the values of an institute or department influence the employee conduct and decision-making. In the given case, the organization is a public one. They are dedicated to the development and service of the society. If the organization maintains this value from its core and by following the required regulations, the manger will feel his duty and obligation to be fair and take decision in favor of the society. It will also restrict him from corruption. The Individual Moral Development: As opined by Kearns (2014), most often the employees follow their own ethical values while taking decision. In the given case, if the values and the psychological needs of the manager support the ethical guidelines, he will direct his decision in favor of the organization and then the society. If the manger has a strong personal value base, he will surely make ethical decisions whatever the personal consequences he has to face. Conclusion: It is very difficult for a public servant to avoid the ethical dilemmas. As they are instrumental in creating the greater good, it is always needed for them to be ethically correct in their decision. Here, the manager needs to turn down his friends request and take the decision for the societal good. However, in the conclusion, it can be said that by following the strategy of reward and appreciation, the strong legal regulations and whistle blowing, the public organizations can ensure better ethical response from their employees. References: Beeri, I., Dayan, R., Vigoda-Gadot, E. and Werner, S.B., 2013. Advancing ethics in public organizations: The impact of an ethics program on employees perceptions and behaviors in a regional council.Journal of business ethics,112(1), pp.59-78. Frederickson, H.G. and Rohr, J.A., 2015.Ethics and public administration. Routledge. Gilman, S.C., 2014. Codes, Damn Codes, and Laws: Continuing Controversies in Public Administration Ethics.Public Administration Review,74(5), pp.571-572. Kaptein, M. ed., 2013.Workplace Morality: Behavioral Ethics in Organizations. Emerald Group Publishing. Kearns, K.P., 2014. Maintaining Public Trust.Ethics in Public Management, p.265. Lawton, A., van der Wal, Z. and Huberts, L., 2015. THE SCOPE AND SCALE OF ETHICS IN PUBLIC POLICY AND MANAGEMENT.Ethics in Public Policy and Management: A Global Research Companion, p.1. Menzel, D.C., 2012.Ethics management for public administrators: Leading and building organizations of integrity. ME Sharpe. Nicolaescu, E., 2013. Business Ethics, Corporate Governance, and Social Responsibility.Psychosociological Issues in Human Resource Management,1(1), pp.86-93. Sebola, M.P., 2014. Ethics in the South African public service: A paradox of culture, politics and ethics in the world of work.Journal of Social Sciences,40(3), pp.295-304. Svara, J.H., 2014.The ethics primer for public administrators in government and nonprofit organizations. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Taiwo, S.F., 2015. Effects of Whistle Blowing Practices on Organizational Performance in the Nigerian Public Sector: Empirical Facts from selected Local Government in Lagos Ogun State.Journal of Marketing and Management,6(1), p.41. Wright, B.E., Moynihan, D.P. and Pandey, S.K., 2012. Pulling the levers: Transformational leadership, public service motivation, and mission valence.Public Administration Review,72(2), pp.206-215.

To The Lighthouse Virginia Woolf free essay sample

The linguistic features of the text will be discussed with reference to the grammatical parts and lexical categories resent in the sentences. This will be done by identifying the different phrases and clauses found in the text and explaining the functions of those that represent constituents of a sentence. Then the functions of the major word classes will be described and a distinction will be drawn between content and structure words. The text being analyses is an extract from the novel To the Lighthouse, by Virginia Wolf. The text is therefore narrative. The literary technique used in this text is very rare, it is known as the stream-efficaciousness. This suggests that most of it is written as an unbroken flow of perceptions, thoughts and linings. What is written is not from an objective narrators point of view, but rather, what is happening inside the characters mind. It presents to the reader the course and rhythm of consciousness exactly as it occurs. We will write a custom essay sample on To The Lighthouse Virginia Woolf or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The method used to enable this will be discussed in combination with the structure of the text. The purpose of the text is to narrate as well as entertain.It draws the reader into an event or series of events to bestow insights into the life of a person or situation. The author sets out to captivate the audience by appealing to their senses and imagination. The Structure Of the text is determined by the distinctive use of cohesion, coherence and punctuation. Cohesion is especially necessary when a passage is more than one sentence in length. There are various types of cohesion that can be used effectively. Two types will be discussed with examples from within the text, namely lexical cohesion and grammatical cohesion. .. . And the effort of looking at it and the effort of thinking of him landing there, which both seemed to be one and the same effort, , is an example of lexical cohesion in the form of direct repetition. The word effort is continuously repeated. Another example of calicle cohesion is: It was done; it is finished. In this example, cohesion IS acquired by the use of synonyms. Done is a synonym for finished. Grammatical cohesion is also present in the text. For example, Yes, she thought, laying down her brush in extreme fatigue, I have had my vision. This serves as an example of personal pronoun reference, where the pronoun occurs in a different form in a particular sentence. He is a variant of she and my is a variant of l. He stood by her on the edge of the lawn. .. And said : They will have landed,.. . This is another example where grammatical cohesion is used. In this case, the additive conjunction and provides cohesion. The coherence Of a text concerns the ways in which concepts and relations are linked to achieve communication. In this text, coherence did not come across as prominent as cohesion.There is, however, one example that can be given: For the lighthouse had become almost invisible.. . Effort, had stretched her body and mind to the utmost. Causality is the type of relation used in this example of coherence. The cause of her struggling to see the lighthouse, is the fact that her body and mind was stretched to the utmost. The last facet f the structure of the text that is going to be discussed, is punctuation. The most frequently used punctuation marks in this text are commas and semicolons. As previously discussed, this text is written in such a way as to indicate the flow of thoughts. One thought suggests another, they come about continuously and without an end. This is why the use of a comma is so recurrent. It is used to indicate the endless flow of thoughts in the mind of the character. The author employs semicolons to show the continuation of the consciousness. In this text, the author does not intervene as commentator, and does not neaten the lactation of the mental process into grammatical sentences that occur in a logical or coherent order. As a result, a full stop is used much less than a comma.The target audience of this text is abstract and imaginative thinkers. The author makes use of symbols not only throughout this text, but throughout the novel. Abstract thinkers are intellectual and would appreciate the existing symbolism. The literary device used is very inventive and creative. It makes use of abstract ideas and images, and would therefore intrigue imaginative thinkers. When reading the text it feels like stumbling into a ream, an abstract, non-realistic world. Another important aspect to consider is the tone of the text.The tone is the manner in which the author expresses the characters attitude through his/her writing. In this case, the tone is definitely subjective, because it describes feelings and opinions. The details include experiences, senses, feelings and thoughts. The characters tone is initially a bit negative and weary, but then quickly shifts to a pleased, grateful, enthusiastic and positive tone. A wide range of linguistic features can be discussed, but the main characteristics that will be addressed in this analysis re: the parts and structure of sentences, and the major word classes.A sentence consists of divisible parts, called constituents. Each constituent is formulated by a set of words and fulfils a specific function. These words can form either a phrase or a clause. A phrase is a collection of words that may contain nouns or verbs, but does not contain a subject doing a verb. Whereas, a clause has a subject actively doing a verb. There are numerous different types of phrasal categories found within this text, therefore only a few examples will be mentioned. Looking like an old pagan God. .. , is an example of a noun phrase.In this case, the phrase describes the subject (which is a noun) of the sentence: old Mr. Carmichael. Another example is, .. . Swaying a little in his bulk This is a verb phrase, because it explains the way in which Mr. Carmichael stood. He stood by her on the edge of the lawn. .. . By her can also be classified as a verb phrase, because it indicates where he stood. The last example is an adverbial phrase. Quickly, as if she were recalled by something over there, she turned to her canvas. In this case, the phrase modifies the verb, turned, and therefore it is regarded as n adverbial phrase. The major word classes in linguistics include the following: nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, interjections, and sometimes determiners. Each has a role to play and a specific function that it performs in a sentence. In a narrative text, such as this, whose main purpose is to entertain, the recurrent use of adjectives and adverbs are to be expected. The frequent use of words from these two lexical classes set a distinctive, colorful image in the readers mind, which results in an intense, emotive and sensuous experience when reading the text.

Hidden Airline Charges and the Related Issues Searching for a Grain of Rationale. What Customers Want

buy custom North American Warehouse Clubs essay

buy custom North American Warehouse Clubs essay This paper will focus on the competition amongst the North American Warehouse Clubs: Costco Wholesale versus Sams Club versus BJs wholesale. In the analysis, the paper will highlight the warehouse club that has been the strongest financial performer in the current years based on the companys financial data and financial ratios. Besides, the paper will explain whether Costcos expansion outside North America is financially successful, in addition to the companys position in the next five years. In the United States, Costco wholesale is the third biggest retailer and the eighth biggest globally (Thompson, P. 56). The Wholesale operates numerous warehouses in various locations including in the United States, Canada, Taiwan, Puerto Rico, Japan, United Kingdom, Korea and Australia amongst others (Thompson, P. 56). The warehouses are evidenced to make great sales annually which have resulted to the success of the Costco wholesale. Besides, the success can be linked to the increased number of membership both from businesses and households. According to Costco main operating and financial statistics for the financial years 2000 to 2009, the wholesale is doing well in terms of financial performance. According to the financial statement, Costco net sales increased at an increasing rate between the periods 2000 ($31,621) to 2008 ($70, 977) although there was a slight decrease in 2009 ($69,889) (Thompson, P. 58). Moreover, the total revenues also increased at an increasing rate in the same period, with 2000 having total revenue of $32,164 and 2009 with $71,422 (Thompson, P. 58). The increased net sales and membership fees which resulted to increased revenues led to an increased net income in the period ranging from $631 to $1,086 (Thompson, P. 58). In addition to this, the cash flow data revealed an increase in net cash offered by operating activities in addition to increased number of warehouses in operation. Sam club operates various warehouses in various state of the United States including Brazil, Mexico, China, Canada, and Puerto Rico (Thompson, P. 67). The club has seen the closure of various warehouses due to underperformance. However, the club has also opened various new warehouses. The operating and financial statistics of Sams club for the financial years 2001 and 2010 will give us an analysis of how the club is performing financially. According to the statistics, the clubs sales in the United States increased at an increasing rate between the years 2001 to 2009, although there was a slight decrease in the financial year 2010 as compared to 2009 (Thompson, P. 68). Besides, other determinants such as the clubs assets, and number of locations also increased gradually. Nevertheless, the growth in sales at the subsisting warehouses that are opened for over one year revealed a decrease in the rate of growth over the period. BJs wholesale also operates various warehouses in the eastern part of the United States, and since 2004, the wholesale has recorded an increased number of warehouses from 150 to 187 (Thompson, P. 69). The wholesale faces stiff competition from Costco and Sams; nonetheless, it has come up with various strategies which has made it remain in the market place. The operating and financial statistics for BJ wholesale for the financial years 2006 to 2010 offer a clear analysis of how the wholesale is performing financially. According to the data, the wholesales net sale increased at an increasing rate between the years 2006 to 2010, ranging from $7,725 to $9,954 (Thompson, P. 70). These, accompanied by increased membership fees and other revenues resulted to an increase in total revenues in the same period. Furthermore, the clubs balance sheet and cash flow data indicates good financial performance. Comparing al these three warehouse clubs in terms of financial performance according to the information provided above, Costco can be evidenced to be the strongest financial performmer in the current years based on the companys financial data. This is based on the fact that the wholesales net revenues, net sales, membership fees, and cash flow data indicates a high increase during the period provided compared to the other warehouse clubs. Furthermore, the wholesale has an increased number of warehouses in operation, and increased number of members in addition to recording a high number of novel warehouses which all contributes to and signifies better financial performance. Apparently, Costcos expansion outside North America (the United States and Canada) is financially successful according to the data provided. This is evidenced by the fact that for the financial years 2005 to 2009, other international operations showed that the main determinants for financial performance were improving. For instance, for that period, the total revenue for international operations was on the increase (Thompson, P. 64). Besides, the number of warehouses increased during the period and this signifies growth. Although there were increases in operating income and capital expenditures, this was well covered by incomes resulting to an upward growth in terms of financial performance. This means that Costco expansion outside North America is financially successful. With the previous performance of Costco, it is true saying that in the next five years, the wholesale, standing as an industry leader is likely to be stronger. The current strategy used by the company including pricing and quality has a competitive advantage over that of its rivals meaning that; most likely, the company will persist being successful in the market place. Besides, the current performance of Costco indicates that the wholesale has a magnificently large number of members compared to it competitor, and persist to open novel warehouses signifying that the possibility that Costco will persist being a stronger market leader may be at the expense of the other two rivals (BJ and Sams) which are very likely to lose ground. Buy custom North American Warehouse Clubs essay

The behaviour of the young towards luxury products Essay

The behaviour of the young towards luxury products - Essay Example Since youth coming from rich families can easily afford costly items of luxury, gradually, a competitive attitude grows among people to acquire most famous and acclaimed items like perfumes, watches, goggles etc. Rather than collecting items for showing their economic worth, youth coming from middle class families are more inclined towards obtaining the items which, apart from being serviceable as symbol of status, should be able to pay them back the price paid for them by their proper utilization. The article (Neelakantan,1999) describing American youth writes â€Å"Changing luxury spending patterns like this arent unusual among todays new affluent shoppers who didnt inherit their wealth and didnt necessarily grow up privileged. Many have made their money in technology, through entrepreneurship or because of sheer talent in the sports and entertainment fields. And while this new crowd is probably spending more, it is taking the conspicuous out of consumption--showing less, with more style.† Edwin Colyer (2005,That’s rich, redefining luxury brands) writes â€Å"However you want to define luxury, though, one thing is certain: it is now commonplace and affordable. Disposable income has risen dramatically over the past 30 years and there is more money to spend on "extras." Luxury purchases are for celebrating an occasion, self reward or to show off status.† â€Å"According to the Census Bureau, there are currently 25.2 million teens, ages 13-18, in the U.S. Their purchasing power is substantial: If you add part-time job earnings, allowance and the average amount of their parent’s money they spend every year, teens comprise a $195 billion market. Over a third of teens hold part-time jobs, working 18 hours a week, on average, and earning $483 per month.† The role of spontaneous liking or disliking towards luxury, though not